12 October 2017 – Italy and France are currently experiencing clusters of autochtonous chikungunya cases. Autochthonous transmission of mosquito-borne infections is not unexpected in areas where Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are established and at a time when environmental conditions support high mosquito abundance and activity. This is the 2nd time that Italy is facing a large outbreak of autochthonous chikungunya (> 250 confirmed cases), following an outbreak in the Emilia-Romagna region in 2007. The CHIKV strains is not the “V” type that is thought to have adapted to Ae. albopictus, so other mutations are likely.